
Born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. in Louisville, Kentucky, he took up boxing at age 12 and won Olympic gold in 1960. He shocked the world in 1964 by upsetting heavyweight champion Sonny Liston, then announced his conversion to Islam and his new name, Muhammad Ali. That breakthrough made him a global star and lightning rod.

Cassius Clay Jr. was born in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1942 and began boxing at 12 after his bicycle was stolen. He won Olympic gold in 1960 and turned pro that year. His brash predictions and poetry earned him the nickname the 'Louisville Lip.'

In 1964 Clay upset Sonny Liston to win the title, then embraced Islam and the name Muhammad Ali. His 1967 refusal of the Vietnam draft cost him his title and prime years but made him a symbol of conviction. The Supreme Court later vacated his conviction in 1971.
Ali regained the championship by beating Foreman in 1974 and Frazier in 1975, becoming the first three-time heavyweight champion in 1978. Diagnosed with Parkinson's, he lit the 1996 Olympic flame in a moving moment. He died in Scottsdale, Arizona, in 2016 at age 74.
Portrait: Ira Rosenberg, New York World-Telegram and the Sun · Public domain · via Wikimedia Commons